Republicanism and Basque language before 2nd Spanish Republic

Abstract

In this essay we will analyze the relationship between Basque republicanism and Basque Language, from 1868, when republicanism appeared into the public sphere, to II Spanish Republic, 1931. Basque republicans used both Basque and Spanish Languages but they defined clearly which each ones area was. Because of the federalism, they achieved to join and use the laic and modern political ideology and the old Basque Language.