Giza Larruazaleko Mikrobiota: Azal Mikrobiotaren Dinamika Eguzki Irradiaziopean

Abstract

The skin microbiota, consisting of bacteria, fungi, archaea and viruses, plays a crucial role in skin health and immune defence. This study optimises metagenomic protocols for skin microbial DNA extraction and analyses skin microbiota dynamics under solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR). Commercial DNA extraction kits and next-generation sequencing techniques were used to assess microbial composition in different seasons and skin regions. The results show that UVR significantly affects microbial diversity during periods of high sun exposure. Differences in the abundance of genera such as Macrococcus and Bacillus, and families such as Burkholderiaceae were observed between UVRexposed and non-UVR-exposed areas. Mechanisms such as production of photoprotective compounds, synthesis of protective enzymes and immune modulation are proposed to explain the prevalence of these genera. These findings highlight the importance of the skin microbiota in UVR protection and its potential in dermatological treatments and personalised medicine.